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		Visual indicators of soil condition
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								Pasture growthIn the paddock1 quiz
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																		Indicator 1 - dark green patches1 quiz
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																		Indicator 2 - yellowing pastures1 quiz
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																		Indicator 3 - grass dominant pasture1 quiz
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																		Indicator 4 - stock camps1 quiz
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																		Indicator 5 - reduced summer growth1 quiz
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																		Indicator 6 - lucerne stunting1 quiz
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								Sub-Clover and Legume NodulationPlants and pastures
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																		Indicator 7 - small, dark green leaves1 quiz
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																		Indicator 8 - bronzing of sub-clover1 quiz
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																		Indicator 9 - stunted sub-clover plants1 quiz
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																		Indicator 10 - few or white nodules1 quiz
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								Soil CharacteristicsSoil surface and clover roots
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																		Indicator 11 - soil surface1 quiz
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																		Indicator 12 - soil disturbance1 quiz
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								Weeds as Indicators of Soil ConditionHigh fertility indicators1 quiz
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																		Low fertility indicators1 quiz
What do you see and when?
 
															- Soil disturbance with lots of soil crumbs on the surface
- Best seen in moist soil in winter and spring
What could this indicate?
 
											- Earthworms
- The disturbed soil is excreted waste called casts. Avoid confusion with blackheaded cockchafer which form mounded tunnels (pictured).
What test can I do to confirm?
 
											- Dig up the soil and check for earthworms.

 
		