What do you see and when?
- Soil disturbance with lots of soil crumbs on the surface
- Best seen in moist soil in winter and spring
What could this indicate?
- Earthworms
- The disturbed soil is excreted waste called casts. Avoid confusion with blackheaded cockchafer which form mounded tunnels (pictured).
What test can I do to confirm?
- Dig up the soil and check for earthworms.
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